![]() ![]() Bill Gates-who is the president, Chief Executive Officer, founder, and chairman of Microsoft-is leading the research work in viruses.If you use both types of dashes interchangeably in the same text, it will be seen as a language mistake. Regardless of the type of dash you use in your writing, make sure to be consistent. The EM dash is common in American English, while the EN dash is more dominant in British English. Statistical analysis software – such as SPSS, Excel, STATA, and eViews – are commonly used at the university level. ![]() While this is not considered a language mistake, you will need to add a space on either side of the EN dash when used in place of an EM dash. Outside the boundaries of formal writing, you could see an EN dash used in place of an EM dash. Can I use EN Dashes in Place of EM Dashes? However, using dashes in place of semicolons and colons is not recommended in academic writing. There is no point convincing him -he has already made up his mind. In this context, the EM dash is used similarly to a semicolon or colon. You can also use EM dashes to break off a sentence and indicate a change of tone. Long ago -when the industrial revolution still didn’t take place -the world’s environment was cleaner. Primary research methods -such as questionnaires and surveys -are an essential part of any academic research. Here are some examples of using EM dash to mark off less important information in a sentence. You cannot use a space on either side of the EM dash. Their use is similar to that of a pair of commas or parentheses. The EM dash is used to separate or mark additional information, which is not essential to the context of the sentence. Many companies have allowed their employees to work regular 9:00 am-5:00 pm hours from home during the COVID pandemic. Pages 30-33 of the document had no in-text citation. James earned a promotion after the company ABC had a successful 2019-2020 fiscal year. You could think of an EN dash as a symbolic representation of the words “to” and “through”. Use of EN DashĪn EN dash is used to signpost a time period or a range of numbers. Hyphens and dashes are not interchangeable, so do not use a dash in place of a hyphen. A hyphen is used to combine words to give more context to the information, such as research-based, long-term, and business-oriented. It is easy to confuse dashes with hyphens, which are slightly shorter in size. If that is the case, you will notice a space on either side of the EN dash. You may see an EN dash used in the same way as the EM dash. The longer EM dash is used as a break or to separate additional information in a sentence. The EN dash, the shorter of the two dashes, is used to mark ranges. These two types of dashes serve different purposes: As the name suggests, the EN dash is approximately the length of the letter ‘n’, whereas the size of the EM dash is the same as the width of the letter’ m’. Using an en dash for this phrase may better clarify the intent for readers over using a hyphen.There are two types of dashes in the English language, including the EN and EM dash. However, consider the open compound expression apple orchard scented candle. Some writers and publishers prefer using an en dash for these situations, but a hyphen would work as well. New York and Charles Dickens are called open compounds in these cases because we would not normally hyphenate them. We expect 300–325 people at the reception.Įn dashes also can be used to punctuate open compound adjectives like New York based artist or Charles Dickens inspired writer. The student council will meet Thursday, 3:15–3:45 p.m.ĭuring the years 1999–2016, Joshua lived in Fargo, North Dakota. Like hyphens, they can be used for number ranges (see Rule 6 of Hyphens Between Words). Some writers and publishers prefer spaces around dashes.Įxample: Joe - and his trusty mutt - was always welcome.Įn dashes are shorter than em dashes and longer than hyphens. ![]()
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